l   1.battery as a result of containing lead, cadmium, mercury, acid, alkali and other pollutants, when its arbitrary discard in the environment, as time goes by the rust of the outer metal, harmful substances will slowly from the battery overflow, into the environment, and through the biological chain action, directly or indirectly into the human body, and in the human body long-term storage difficult to discharge.Therefore, the collection and disposal of waste batteries is very important, and improper disposal may cause serious harm to the ecological environment and human health.Therefore, at present, the potential pollution of batteries has attracted extensive attention from all sectors of society. In addition to controlling the concentration of harmful substances, countries around the world mainly adopt recycling attitude towards battery products.At present, more and more countries begin to take action to formulate and implement policies and regulations related to the restriction of hazardous substances in batteries, the recycling and treatment of waste batteries and the recycling and utilization of batteries.2. common control requirements: EU battery directive 2006/66/EC and its amendment directive 2013/65/EU, US battery Law 104-142(HR2024)

l   The maximum permissible limit for harmful heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury and hexavalent chromium) is 100 mg/kg under paragraph 11 of the eu packaging materials directive 94/62/EC for the purpose of protecting underground water and soil.The scope of implementation covers all packaging and packaging materials.

l   RoHS is a mandatory standard set by European Union legislation and its full title is the directive of Restriction of Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment.At present, the latest RoHS directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2.0) has been officially issued by the EU on July 1, 2011 and came into force on July 21, 2011.Each member state of the eu shall complete the transformation of its national laws within 18 months, i.e. by 2 January 2013, and at the same time the 2002/95/EC(RoHS1.0) and all its amendments shall be repealed.

l   On 04 June 2015, the EU issued the 2015/863/EU directive in its official gazette, adding four phthalates to the RoHS2.0 directive annex II(restricted substances list).The four substances are diethyl phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP).At this point, ROHS2.0 directive annex II restricted substances list was officially updated to 10 items.

l   电Transition period for electronic and electrical equipment to July 22, 2019, transition period for medical equipment and monitoring equipment to July 22, 2021.For toys product belongs to electrical category, the content of DEHP, BBP and DBP still needs to be in accordance with the requirements of the REACH regulation appendix X Ⅶ controls.

l   Limited requirements: lead ≤1000ppm, cadmium ≤100ppm, mercury ≤1000ppm, hexavalent chromium ≤1000ppm, polybromodiphenyl ether ≤1000ppm, DEHP≤1000ppm, BBP≤1000ppm, DBP≤1000ppm DIBP ≤1000ppm.

l   The measures for pollution control and management of electronic information products, also known as China RoHS, came into effect on March 1, 2007.It restricts harmful substances (lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium and polybromodiphenyl ether (PBB) and polybromodiphenyl ether (PBDE) in electronic information products placed on the Chinese market.

l  One of the important supporting standards of China's RoHS, SJ/T 11364-2014 "requirements for the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic products", has been formally implemented since January 1, 2015.

l  On January 6, 2016, the ministry of industry and information technology, together with the national development and reform commission, the ministry of science and technology, the ministry of finance, the ministry of environmental protection, the ministry of commerce, the general administration of customs, the general administration of quality supervision, inspection and quarantine and other eight departments jointly promulgated the administrative measures on the restriction of the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic products (order no. 32), which came into effect on July 1, 2016.

l   Limited requirements: lead ≤1000ppm, cadmium ≤100ppm, mercury ≤1000ppm, hexavalent chromium ≤1000ppm, polybrominated diphenyl ether ≤1000ppm.

l   Proposition 65, the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act, was enacted in California in November 1986 to protect California citizens and the state's Drinking Water resources from chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive toxins.Also inform California citizens about the dangers of exposure to chemicals in their purchases, in their homes or workplaces, or released into the environment.The California 65 controlled substances list, first published in 1987 and updated quarterly by the OEHHA, now includes more than 900 substances.

l   California's proposition 65 also prohibits California companies from deliberately releasing large amounts of listed chemicals into drinking water.Once a chemical is on the control list, manufacturers and distributors are required to carry out warnings within a year and stop the chemical from being released to drinking water sources within 20 months.After this date, government or individual enforcers, including individuals or organizations representing the public interest, may bring proceedings against those who fail to meet the requirements.Warning requirements must be "clear and reasonable" and can take many forms.

l   Hazardous substances limit requirements: California act 65 control list itself does not set limits for substances. Hazardous substances control limits in products can be referred to existing lawsuits or agreements on such products. In these documents, limits for certain substances in certain products and testing methods may be agreed.When conducting California 65 controls, companies should first compare the substance control requirements identified in existing lawsuits for such products and then refer to these controls to investigate hazardous substances in the products.

l  PoHS, commonly known as Hazardous on Certain Hazardous Substances in Consumer Products.Banned specific harmful substances in consumer products.On June 8, 2007, Norway notified the WTO, putting forward the requirement of "banning some dangerous chemicals in consumer products", saying that it would limit 18 substances in consumer products, namely PoHS regulations.The PoHS legislation was passed on December 15, 2007 and was originally scheduled to take effect on January 1, 2008, but was postponed due to the lack of consensus on many issues.

l   On 20 December 2011, Norway notified the World Trade Organisation Committee on Technical Barriers of proposed restrictions on four chemicals: lead, pentachlorophenol (PCP), perfluorocaprylic acid (PFOA) and medium-chain chlorinated paraffin (MCCP).This proposal is a revision of the 2007 specification.

l  As the abbreviation of REGULATION concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals, REACH (EC) No 1907/2006 is a REGULATION concerning the preventive management of all Chemicals entering its market.The regulation was promulgated on December 30, 2006 and took effect on June 1, 2007.On June 1, 2008 ECHA(European chemicals agency), the governing body of REACH, officially came into operation.The implementation of the regulation has seriously affected China's exports to the eu, especially those from the chemical, electromechanical, textile, printing and dyeing, rubber, plastics, toys, furniture and other industries.

l   The main content of REACHRegistration is required for all chemical substances with annual output or import of more than 1 ton, and chemical safety report shall be submitted for chemical substances with annual output or import of more than 10 tons.Evaluation includes file Evaluation and material Evaluation.File assessment is to verify the integrity and consistency of the registration file submitted by the enterprise.Substance assessment is the identification of the risks that chemicals pose to human health and the environment.Authorization Authorization for the production and import of chemical substances with certain dangerous characteristics that arouse people's high attention, including CMR, PBT, vPvB, etc.Restriction if it is believed that the manufacture, marketing or use of a substance or its configuration or products can not adequately control the risks to human health and the environment, it will restrict its production or import in the eu.

l   Responsibilities and obligations of REACH

1. Substances/prepared productsExcept as otherwise provided by REACH, any manufacturer or importer shall submit registration to ECHA for any substance within the European Union whether in itself or in quantities greater than or equal to 1 tonne/year in one or more preparations.Items 2.Registration is required if the product contains a substance that is intentionally released and the annual export volume is greater than 1 ton.If the product does not contain substances released intentionally, it shall be judged according to the following conditions:A. If the product contains a substance of high concern (i.e. SVHC) and the content is less than 0.1%, there is no need for notification and active information transmissionThe consumer is obliged to provide the relevant information upon request;B. If the product contains SVHC and the content is greater than 0.1%, and the annual export volume is less than 1 ton, the downstream importer shall be informed and relevant information shall be transmitted, and relevant certification documents shall be issued at the same time.C if the product contains SVHC and the content is greater than 0.1%, and the annual export is greater than 1 ton, the work must be reported to ECHA;D at the request of the consumer, all suppliers of the goods shall, within 45 days of receipt of the request, provide the consumer with sufficient information available to the consumer for the safe use of the goods.This information includes at least the name of the substance.Physical restrictions, i.e., the restrictions on the manufacture, marketing and use of certain hazardous substances, products and articles under annex XVII of REACH, are an important part of the work of articles except SVHC.

l   As a major focus of REACH, the list of SVHC candidates has been updated several times since REACH came into force.As of July 7, 2017, ECHA (European chemical agency) has officially released 17 batches of SVHC lists. Since then, there are 174 SVHC items on the REACH list of substances of high concern.

l  Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCP) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They are synthetic chemicals that persist in the environment and accumulate (bioaccumulation) through the biological food chain, causing harmful effects on the environment and human health.The European commission to the European Union's persistent organic pollutants (remobilised) regulation (EC) No 850/2004 repeated revision, among them, November 4, 2015, the EU regulation 2015/2030 (EU), regulation of SCCPs in goods shall not be greater than or equal to 0.15%, otherwise can't put on the market, at present the latest revised regulations for 2016/293 (EU), will officially join the appendix hexabromocyclododecane banned substances list.Substances, mixtures or articles containing more than 100mg/kg of HBCDD will be prohibited from entering the eu market.The list of restricted substances is now updated to 24.In addition, SCCP and HBCDD are also on the list of substances of high concern to SVHC under REACH.

l   Phthalic acid ester is to form phthalic acid ester collectively, it is a kind of chemicals that can soften effect can also interfere with the endocrine system, is widely applied in toys, food packaging materials, medical bags and rubber, vinyl flooring and wallpaper, detergents, lubricants, personal care products (such as nail polish, hair spray, soap and shampoo), such as hundreds of products, but has serious harm to human body health.

l   Common regulations for the control of phthalates:

1. Regulation 51 & 52 of annex 17 of REACH:Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) + butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) + di-phthalate (2-ethylhexyl) (DEHP)<0.1%;Din-octyl phthalate (DNOP) + diiso-nonyl phthalate (DINP) + diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) <0.1%.2. Us consumer product safety improvement act 2008 (CPSIA) and supplementary amendments (H.R.2715) :Diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) <0.1%, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) <0.1%, butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) <0.1%,Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) <0.1%, din-octyl phthalate (DNOP) <0.1%, diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) <0.1%.3. EU directive 2011/65/EU(RoHS) and its amendment directive 2015/863/EU:Diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) <0.1%, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) <0.1%, butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) <0.1%, diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) <0.1%.

l   The full name of WEEE is Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment.On August 13, 2005, the European Union to circulate on the market of electronic electrical equipment manufacturers must legally take responsibility to pay the cost of scrap recycling products, at the same time, the eu member state obligation to set their own electronic products recycling program, establish relevant recycling facilities, electronic electrical products to the end user can easily and freely scrap processing equipment.

l   Applicable to 10 categories of products: 1. The large household appliances (2) small household electrical appliances (3) information and communication equipment 4. Consumer products 5. Lighting equipment (except for the incandescent light bulb and household fluorescent lamp) 6. Electric and electronic tools (except for large fixed industrial use tools) 7. Toys, leisure and sports equipment 8. Medical equipment (except products of the implanted or infected) 9. Monitoring and control instruments 10. Vending machines.

l   Halogen compounds are widely used in the electronics industry and are often used as flame retardants.Common halogen flame retardants include bromine flame retardants such as PBB, PBDE, tbbp-a and HBCDD and chlorinated paraffin and PCB.Although there is no direct national law enforcement, it is often enforced in the supply chain oriented by buyers.

l   At present, halogen control mainly refers to iec61249-2-21:2003, the halogen-free requirements of the international electrotechnical commission. It controls the two kinds of chlorine (Cl) elements and bromine (Br) elements: chlorine (Cl)≤900ppm, bromine (Br)≤900ppm, chlorine (Cl)+ bromine (Br)≤1500ppm.

l  Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and its salts have been widely used in chemical industry, textiles, leather and cookware manufacturing, which are closely related to People's Daily life.In recent years, with the deepening of the study of environmental science, people gradually realize that these chemicals have the characteristics of refractory, bioaccumulation and enrichment along the food chain, and the environmental pollution caused by them has spread throughout the global ecosystem.

l   On 27 December 2006, the European parliament and the council of ministers jointly issued the directive on restrictions on the sale and use of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (2006/122/EC), which came into force on 27 June 2008 and was abolished on 31 May 2009.The fourth conference of the parties to the Stockholm convention on persistent organic pollutants (COP4), held in May 2009, included PFOS in the convention as a global ban.Subsequently, on 24 August 2010, the EU issued 757/2010/EU, which included PFOS in annex I of the pops regulation 850/2004/EC.

l  PFOA is short for Perfluorooctanoic Acid.PFOA stands for perfluorooctanoic acid and its ammonium containing main salt, or "C8", a synthetic chemical that is often used as an indispensable processing aid in the production of highly efficient fluoropolymers.The commission of eu member states classified them as persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) chemicals and high persistent and high bioaccumulative (vPvB) chemicals.The substance was added to the REACH high level of concern (SVHC) list on 20 June 2013.On October 17, 2014, Germany and Norway proposed to the eu authority that PFOA be included in the list of annex 17 to REACH to restrict its production, marketing and use.On 14 June 2017, the official gazette of Europe issued the commission regulation 2017/1000, which added item 68 of appendix 17 of the REACH regulation concerning perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), its salts and related substances.From July 4, 2020, when the content of PFOA and its salts is equal to or greater than 25ppb, or the single or total content of PFOA related substances is equal to or greater than 1000ppb, it shall not be produced or put on the market.

l   Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds with two or more benzene rings.Annex 17 of REACH and German GS certification both control PAHs.

l   The German GS certification control PAHs includes 18 items in total. Annex 17 of the eu REACH regulation extends the control to products that can repeatedly touch the skin or mouth for a long time or a short time.

l   In August 2014, the German technical equipment and consumer products commission issued new standards for the limits of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in products certified by GS, which came into force on July 1, 2015.